S.T.A.R.T.
Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment (START) is a critical concept for initially dealing with casualties in a disaster. History shows that 40% of disaster survivors could be saved with simple, rapid medical care. START is based on the premise that a simple medical assessment and rapid treatment based on that assessment will yield positive — often lifesaving — results.
4 Triage Categories
During medical triage, survivors’ conditions are evaluated and the survivors are prioritized into four categories:
Immediate (I)
Tag RED
Life-threatening injuries (airway, bleeding, or shock) demanding immediate attention – treatment is urgent
Delayed (D)
Tag YELLOW
Injuries do not jeopardize the survivor’s life. Professional care may be required, but treatment can be delayed
Minor (M)
Tag GREEN
Walking wounded and generally ambulatory
Dead (DEAD)
Tag BLACK
No respiration after two attempts to open the airway. CPR is one-on-one care and labor intensive, so it is not performed when there are many more survivors than rescuers.
Rescuer Safety During Triage
If hazardous materials are present, rescuer safety is paramount. CERT members should leave the scene to avoid harm to themselves and to reduce the risk of spreading the contamination.
Rescuer safety is crucial during triage. Rescuers must wear all safety equipment, including non-latex exam gloves, goggles, a helmet, and an N95 mask when examining survivors and should try to change gloves between survivors. Because of limited supplies, it may not be possible to use a new pair of gloves for every survivor. If this is the case, gloves may be sterilized between treating survivors using 1 part bleach to 10 parts water. Your disaster kit should have a box of non-latex gloves. Bleach and potable water should also be available at the CERT’s medical treatment area.